EDGE

Description

EDGE applies an edge detection filter for image data. The output is an image showing the magnitude of edge pixels. An optional gradient direction image can also be created.

Parameters

Name	Type	Caption	Length	Value range
FILI *	String	Input file name	1 - 192
FILO	String	0	0 - 192
DBIC *	Integer	Input raster channel	1 -
DBOC_MAG	Integer	Gradient magnitude output channel	0 -	1 -
DBOC_DIR	Integer	Gradient direction output channel	0 -	1 -
NEED_DIR	String	Create gradient direction channels	0 - 3	YES | NO Default: YES
RADIUS	Integer	Filter radius (pixels)	0 - 1	1 - Default: 5
REPORT	String	Report mode	0 - 192	Quick links
MONITOR	String	Monitor mode	0 - 3	ON, OFF Default: ON

* Required parameter

Parameter descriptions

FILI

Specifies the name of the image file that contains raster channels to filter.

FILO

Specifies the name of the image file to receive the output channels. If this parameter is not specified, it is assumed to be the same as FILI. If the specified output file exists, it must have the same projection as FILI.

If the specified output file does not exist, a new PCIDSK file will be created. By default, the georeferencing information from the input file will be copied to the new output file.

DBIC

Contains the input unfiltered channel(s).

Ranges of channels or segments can be specified with negative values. For example, {1,-4,10} is internally expanded to {1,2,3,4,10}. When you are not specifying a range in this way, only 48 numbers can be specified explicitly.

DBOC_MAG

Specifies the output channel(s) to receive the output magnitude channel(s).

If the output file (FILO) is an existing file, the output magnitude channel (DBOC_MAG) type must be CHN_8U and the number of output channels must be the same as the number of input channels (DBIC). If the output file is created, this parameter is ignored.

Ranges of channels or segments can be specified with negative values. For example, {1,-4,10} is internally expanded to {1,2,3,4,10}. When you are not specifying a range in this way, only 48 numbers can be specified explicitly.

DBOC_DIR

Specifies the output channel(s) to receive the output gradient direction channel(s).

If the output file (FILO) is an existing file, the output gradient direction channel (DBOC_DIR) type must be CHN_8U and the number of output channels must be the same as the number of input channels (DBIC). If the output file is created, this parameter is ignored.

Ranges of channels or segments can be specified with negative values. For example, {1,-4,10} is internally expanded to {1,2,3,4,10}. When you are not specifying a range in this way, only 48 numbers can be specified explicitly.

NEED_DIR

Specifies whether to create gradient direction channels in the output file.

RADIUS

Specifies the size of the Gaussian filter's radius, in pixels. The filter is applied as the first step of edge detection. The filter size determines the smallest feature to be detected. The default value is 5.

REPORT

Specifies where to direct the generated report.

Available options are:

• TERM: generates a report on the terminal (default)
• DISK: generates a report on file "IMPRPT.LST"
• OFF: turns off report generation
• <filename>: appends a report to the specified file

MONITOR

The program progress can be monitored by printing the percentage of processing completed. A system parameter, MONITOR, controls this activity.

Available options are:

• ON: Turns the monitor ON (default)
• OFF: Turns the monitor OFF (recommended if running in batch or background mode)

Details

EDGE applies a Canny Edge Detector filter. This process produces an output image where higher gray-level values indicate the presence of an edge between two objects. An optional gradient direction image can also be created.

For more information about the method used, see the Algorithm section.

Example

This example demonstrates the use of EDGE.

EASI>FILI	=	"irvine.pix"	! input file
EASI>FILO	=	"output.pix"	! create new output file
EASI>DBIC	=	1,-5	! input channel list
EASI>DBOC_MAG	=	6,-10	! gradient magnitude output channels
EASI>DBOC_DIR	=	11,-16	! gradient direction output channels
EASI>NEED_DIR	=
EASI>RADIUS	=		! filter radius, defaults to 5
EASI>MONITOR	=	"ON"

EASI>RUN EDGE

Algorithm

In the PCI implementation, the Gaussian filter and gradient operator are decomposed into two 1-dimensional filters: a 1D Gaussian filter and a 1D DOG (difference of Gaussian) filter. One of these two 1D filters is applied to rows; the other is applied to the columns. The choice of which one to apply to the rows/columns provides either the X gradient or Y gradient.

When the gradients are computed, the magnitude at each pixel is compared to those of its neighbors. Along the gradient direction, if the gradients of neighbor pixels (computed via interpolation) are larger then the gradient of the current pixel (thus it is non-maximum), the gradient of the current pixel is suppressed (set to zero).

The output gradient magnitude represents edge strength. The output is scaled based on the dynamic range of the input image.

An optional output of gradient direction image can be created. Each pixel is in the range of [0,255], scaled from [0, 2*PI].